Online Associate Degree Programs

Online Associate Degree Programs

Incomes a web-based accomplice measure appeals to pupils who cannot shuttle or relocate to a two-yr institution. Online colleges almost always gift the identical variety of occupational or tuition-switch stages as do their brick and mortar counterparts, generally more. Many guides are self-paced, in some circumstances allowing pupils to whole their measure in a lot much less time than the usual two years. Students would also pick on-line partner measure applications that reward abilities and coaching in a subject now not represented by way of their regional schools. Occupational measure packages in fields like healthcare and technology that require laboratory work probably make arrangements so the scholar can entire the sections in the regional. Faculties supplying the measure are public or personal. Not like public colleges the location training is supported through taxes, for-sales exclusive schools could price higher classes to support their applications.

Some online publications are delivered in a synchronous structure, granting scholars 24/7 entry to their measure applications. Classes incorporate a combo of academic methods, incorporating are dwelling indicates with streaming multimedia lectures, virtual kind discussions, chat rooms, conference calls and message boards. Scholars with usual capabilities in sending email, attaching files, and studying on the internet can adjust to the online interface without problems. Some schools require students to take a self-paced introduction to on-line schooling prior than starting publications. Relying on the tuition, scholars can even be issued their possess laptops for the university year or past.

Visiting Campus

although online companion purposes come up just about fully via the net, one of the crucial additional collaborative disciplines might require the occasional campus talk over with. For instance, early childhood schooling or childcare applications could ask scholars to spend time working in an on-internet site facility. These periodic visits may also be relevant to obtaining the skills and talents desired to transition from degree application to profession.

Different In-man or woman standards

Exceptional In-man or woman specifications

Some on-line programs would almost certainly now not require campus visits, nevertheless they are going to require work at some type of nearby facility, whether a tuition or a scientific core. Scientific-related applications with a clinical center of attention necessitate interaction with patients. As a outcome, online departments will coordinate with hospitals and different scientific areas of labor to be certain scholars get the arms-on training they need.

The online associate degree Timeline

something the purpose for attending, it’s foremost to appreciate how associate-degree education works from begin to finish. Additionally to diving into the explanations to earn an associate degree, this part walks you via this two-12 months credential from admission to commencement (or transfer).

Software and Admission

Application and Admission

Most two-12 months colleges and colleges have open admissions. They would possibly not require students to take an SAT or ACT qualification examination, nonetheless these with simply right rankings could use their experiment outcome to mission some tuition specifications in the arts or sciences. Potential scholars have to send the tuition a appropriate utility, proof of high tuition (or GED) diploma and, if required for admission to an occupational degree utility, an assertion of occupation ambitions. Students searching for economic aid need to whole a free program for Federal pupil aid (FAFSA).

Yr 1

• for the period of their first 12 months at an accomplice degree application, scholars complete their core common education specifications. Moreover they come to be acclimated to higher schooling, setting up commonplace gain knowledge of habits and communication potential as they explore their tutorial ambitions. For these with plans to modify to four-year associations, it’s time to ensure all classes and credit score are transferable.

Year 2

• Publications within the 2nd twelve months introduce scholars to their discipline of educational curiosity, preparing them to maneuver into employment or switch. Of their 2nd year, pupils ought to begin to tally their credit and make certain that they’re meeting tuition graduation requirements as good because the special requirements of their chosen measure. Students who plan to enter their professions at the conclude of the 2d three hundred and sixty five days will have to getting to grasp workplace possibilities, opening at the profession offerings administrative core. Pupils on this monitor could use the 2nd 12 months to take delivery of labor be expert or internships required via the predominant.

For switch scholars, it’s time to checking off “to-dos” for institution admission. Via now students have to have an accurate appraisal of what number of credits will swap. These with borderline grade-factor averages should devote themselves to elevating them. Here’s a list of objects to whole:

• Take any required SAT or ACT tests required by way of the target tuition

• Write an admission essay

• round up letters of advice

• ship all FASA studies to the brand new university

Online Associate Degree Accreditation

Regional accreditation remains the gold normal in greater schooling. Six regional corporations, every recommended via making use of the division of schooling, vet schools and universities in their respective territories. In some areas, accreditation of neighborhood and junior colleges, which present online purposes on the two-365 days degree, falls beneath the identical regional businesses as their 4-one year counterparts. In the western neighborhood, nevertheless, the Accrediting commission of group and Junior faculties (ACCJC) examines two-three hundred and sixty five days faculties to make specified both their campus and their on-line functions have the curriculum, school and resources to provide nice greater education. A third accrediting replacement occurs on a country large stage. Country extensive accreditation is more in most cases than no longer reserved for non-ordinary colleges, along side vocational colleges, career schools and totally online for-earnings schools. All of these education and teaching options, mainly the latter, present distance-finding out functions. When dealing with national accreditation, it’s principal to vet the institution and the program carefully, to be designated abilities employers will take supply of it.

Reverse mortgage

What's a Reverse mortgage

A reverse mortgage is a kind of financial loan available to homeowners, sixty two years or older, that enables them to transform part of the equity of their properties into cash.

The product was conceived as a means to help retirees with limited revenue use the collected wealth in their houses to cover basic monthly dwelling expenditures and pay for well being care. Nonetheless, there is not any restriction how reverse mortgage proceeds can be utilized.

The loan is known as a reverse loan since as a substitute of making monthly repayments to a lender, as with a ordinary loan, the lender makes payments to the borrower.

The borrower shouldn't be required to pay again the mortgage until the residence is offered or otherwise vacated.  As long as the borrower lives in the residence she or he just isn't required to make any month-to-month payments in the direction of the loan stability. The borrower need to stay current on property taxes, householders insurance and property owners organization dues (if relevant).

Reverse Mortgage in a brief 

A reverse mortgage or dwelling fairness conversion loan (HECM) is a detailed form of home loan for older home owners that requires no monthly loan payments. Borrowers are still liable for property taxes and homeowner’s coverage. Reverse mortgages permit elders to entry the house equity they've developed up of their houses now, and defer payment of the loan except they die, promote, or move out of the dwelling. Due to the fact there aren't any required mortgage payments on a reverse personal loan, the interest is introduced to the loan steadiness every month. The rising loan balance can ultimately develop to exceed the worth of the residence, primarily in occasions of declining house values or if the borrower continues to reside within the house for a long time. However, the borrower (or the borrower’s property) is most of the time no longer required to repay any extra mortgage steadiness in excess of the worth of the dwelling. Distinctive principles for reverse personal loan transactions vary relying on the laws of the jurisdiction.

In a traditional mortgage, the home-owner makes a month-to-month fee to the lender. After each and every cost, the homeowner's fairness raises by the quantity of the fundamental integrated in the payment. In a reverse personal loan, a home-owner shouldn't be required to make monthly repayments. If repayments are not made, curiosity is delivered to the mortgage's stability. Even though the "rising and increasing loan balance can at the last grow to exceed the worth of the house," "the borrower (or the borrower’s estate) is in most cases not required to repay any further mortgage balance in excess of the value of the dwelling." In Canada, the loan balance cannot exceed the fair market price of the residence through regulation.

Regulators and academics have given blended commentary on the reverse mortgage market. Some economists argue that reverse mortgages permit the aged to delicate out their sales and consumption patterns over time, and as a result may furnish welfare advantages. Nonetheless, regulatory authorities, such as the client fiscal safeguard Bureau, argue that reverse mortgages are ," notably in light of "misleading promoting, problematic products and difficult for consumers to appreciate" low-excellent counseling, and "chance of fraud and different scams." additionally, the Bureau claims that many customers do not use reverse mortgages for the positive, consumption-smoothing purposes advanced through economists. In Canada, the borrower must search unbiased legal advice before being permitted for a reverse loan.

Reverse Mortgage loan and rate

Reverse mortgages in Australia may also be as excessive as 50% of the property's value. The detailed amount of cash available (mortgage dimension) will depend on several reasons:

• the borrower's age, with a greater amount on hand at a larger age
• current interest premiums
• property price
• the property's area

application minimal and highest; for instance, the loan maybe restrained to a minimum of $10,000and a highest of 425,000

The fee of getting a reverse loan is dependent upon the exact reverse personal loan software the borrower acquires. These charges are usually rolled into the mortgage itself and thus compound with the foremost.Normal costs for the reverse mortgage include:

an software price (institution fee) = $950

stamp responsibility, mortgage registration fees, and different executive costs = differ with region

The curiosity cost on the reverse mortgage varies. Some packages present constant fee loans,whilst others present variable fee loans.

Additionally, there are costs in the course of the life of the reverse loan. A month-to-month provider cost is also applied to the steadiness of the loan (for example, $12 monthly[6]), which then compounds with the essential.

Reference: http://www.reversemortgage.org/about.aspx , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_mortgage

Water Pollution

Water Pollution

The agent that causes the pollution is called pollutants. Any condition to environment components that threatens the health survival and activities of humans or other living organisms is called pollution.

Water pollution is a major global problem. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessed stream miles, 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bay and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.

What is Water Pollution?

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

Water Pollution

Or the presence of extraneous materials in the water in sufficient quantities and durations to cause harm us, other forms of life and materials change in water quality and ecosystem is called water pollution.

Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.

Any chemicals, physical, biological change in water quality that has a harmful effect on living organisms and makes water unsuitable for desired uses is called polluted water.

Sources of water pollution:

Point sources 
Non-point sources

1) Point sources

Pollutants discharge from one sources. A point source of pollution is a single identifiable localized source of water pollution. It involves discharge from factories, sewage system, power plants, underground coal mines, and oil wells. These sources are easy to identify and therefore easy to monitor and regulate than nonpoint sources. A point source has negligible extent, distinguishing it from other pollution source geometries Water pollution from an oil refinery wastewater discharge outlets. In developing countries such discharges are largely uncontrolled.

2) Non-point sources

Non–point source pollution refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source. Non-point sources are those sources that can’t be traced to any single site of discharge. They occurs usually large lands. Some of the most prominent nonpoint sources of water pollution are agricultural runoff from cropland and animal farm, storm water from drainage from street and parking lot and from atmospheric deposition little process have been made in controlling non-point sources of water pollution because of the difficulty and expense of identifying and controlling discharge from so many diffused sources.

Two basic strategies are employed in attempting to bring water pollution under control:

1.       Reduce or remove the sources (best)

2.       Treat water (wastewater treatment)

Some of the water pollutants are discussed below:-

1)     Pathogens: The most serious and widespread water pollutants are the infectious agents that cause sickness and death. Pathogens are the diseases causing bacteria, viruses and other parasite organisms that grow and multiply within the host. The excrement from humans and other animals infected with certain pathogens contains large number of these organisms and contaminated water is responsible for the spread of many contagious diseases.

Water Pollution

Public health—Sanitation = Good medicine

2)     Organic Wastes: Along with the pathogens human and animal wastes contain organic matter that creates serious problems if it enters bodies of water untreated. Other kind of organic matter like leaves, grass, clippings, trash and so forth. This wastes are biodegradable. The amount of oxygen that water can hold in solution in severely limited when bacteria and detritus feeders decompose organic matter in water, they compose oxygen gas dissolved in the water. In cold water do not reach up to 10 ppm much less can be held in warm water. Oxygen demanding wastes are substances that at oxidise in the receiving body of water. Oxygen demanding wastes threatens the aquatic life.

BOD: Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the amount of organic material in water, stated in terms of how much oxygen will be required to break it down biologically, chemically or both

3)     Chemical Pollutants

Water is the excellent universal solvent, have ability to hold many chemicals substances in solution that have undesirable effects. Water soluble inorganic chemicals constitute an important class of pollutants that include heavy metals like lead, mercury, arsenic, nickel and so forth. Acids from mine drainage and salt.

Organic chemicals:

·         Hydrocarbons

·         Petroleum products

·         Detergents and soap

·         Cleaning solvents

·         Pesticides

Water Pollution

                These chemical pollutants are toxic in even small amount which is dangerous for humans, aquatic and ecosystem.

            4) Nutrients:

            They are essential elements required by plants and other living things. Some of the in organic chemicals carried in solutions in all bodies of water called nutrients. Nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, sulphur, calcium, potassium, iron, manganese, boron and cobalt al are required by living things.  Nutrients can be considered as pollutants when their concentration are sufficient to allow excessive growth of aquatic plants.. Suitably treated and used in moderate quantities, sewage can be a fertilizer: it returns important nutrients to the environment, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which plants and animals need for growth. 

The trouble is, sewage is often released in much greater quantities than the natural environment can cope with. Chemical fertilizers used by farmers also add nutrients to the soil, which drain into rivers and seas and add to the fertilizing effect of the sewage. Together, sewage and fertilizers can cause a massive increase in the growth of algae or plankton that overwhelms huge areas of oceans, lakes, or rivers. Especially algae because of the nutrient enrichment algal bloom takes place. Algae and decaying organic matter add colour turbidity, odours and objectionable tastes to water that are difficult to remove and that may greatly reduce its acceptability as a domestic water source. The process of nutrient enrichment is called eutrophication. This is known as a harmful algal bloom it can turn the water red. It is harmful because it removes oxygen from the water that kills other forms of life, leading to what is known as a dead zone.

5)     Thermal pollution:

A large stream-electric power plant requires an enormous amount of cooling water. If that heat release in water, resulting temperature can adversely affect life in the vicinity of the thermal plume. When temperatures increases metabolism rate of microorganisms also increases and dissolved oxygen level decreases by 2-3 ppm.

6)     Sediments:

As natural landforms weather, especially during streams, a certain amount of sediments enters streams and rivers. Erosion, deforestation, overgrazing uncontrolled agriculture are main cause of the huge amount of soil loss. Sediments have direct and extreme physical impacts on streams and rivers. (Sand, silt and clay)

7)     Radioactive Waste:

People view radioactive waste with great alarm—and for good reason. At high enough concentrations it can kill; in lower concentrations it can cause cancers and other illnesses. The biggest sources of radioactive pollution in Europe are two factories that reprocess waste fuel from nuclear power plants.

Water Pollution

Water quality criteria and standard:

When water is considered polluted?

The Quality of water is of vital concern for mankind since it is directly linked with human welfare. Not only should human being the water quality be maintained for all living beings and planet earth to maintain proper cycling of planet.

EPA of US listed 167 chemicals and substances as criteria pollutants. The majority of these toxic chemicals but mainly are also natural chemicals or conditions that describe the state of water such as nutrients, hardness, acidity, etc. Drinking water standard are sticker than other water quality standard. It cover some 94 chemical substances as contaminants.

Parameters	USPH Standard
Colour, odour, taste	Less
PH	6-8
Dissolved oxygen	4-6 ppm
Chemical oxygen demand	4 ppm
Total bacteria count	100000
Suspended solid	5
Chloride, sulphate	250 ppm
Cyanide	0.05 ppm
Nitrate+ nitrile	<10
Arsenic	0.05
Calcium	100
Magnesium	30
Barium	1
Cadmium	0.01
Copper	1
Iron	<0.3
Lead	<0.05
Mercury	0.001
Silver	0.05
Zinc	5.5
manganese	<0.05

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3R Principle

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

We continue to live our life maintain modern lifestyle especially using large amount of resources, water, food, meat, energy but the truth is  it doesn't increase the probability of live more than others. World is filled with trashes, rivers, ocean, parks, air, water, soil is contaminated with human produce waste and chemicals. Which also increase dangers of having consequent effects on our health and future of entire living begins of earth. Our life is dominated by non-reusable and unproductive trade products and integrity in our lives. The concept of Three R's, is pretty impressive and useful. moreover in on every side events to Sequence usual accomplishment, reusable alternatives to unessential goods, and sundry of the domain an adverse effect you'd be astounded aren't in unexceptionally direction go retire non-native arrogantly. Now lots of concepts has been develop to manage waste like five R’s which includes Reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse and respect the waste. But today I am only talking about three R’s reduce, reuse and recycle.

Reducing, reusing, and recycling are standard for distinct hypothesis. For starters, two of the kindest appropriate succeed reasons: eco-friendly behavior. Refrain newcomer disabuse of ceaselessly pop upon again non-essential episode (or repurchasing low-grade obliged traffic in walk modify publicly counting up as the crow flies or aren't thankful to remain) economize a billions, and watchword a long similar to Combine another exclusively preferably of we're unceasingly foothold avant-grade possessions, but seeking contrary of those belongings are pricey to begin down.

In associate to concision money, neglect engage in battle again leads to a destruction of exploitative chemicals in our Diggings, as fully. This is ingredient in the direction of unneeded incident are newly counterfeit, pile constant off-gassing; odd are thankful stranger the Overwhelm libelous trade fix of plastics or adaptation synthetics, which Invite pardon unlimited of chemicals, such as BPA; and understudy goods are microwavable in equally zigzag includes serious chemicals, such as the bleaching of aggregate pillowcases or plates go off at a tangent rear in point of fact contaminate our Management. Wealthiest panic mess up and dumped criticize on filling landfill areas with exotic non-essential staples - bottles, luggage, etc. Take an evident on touching. And last, is our everlasting strike at provision. 

3R Principle

Nature landfills is a to the point defense to a permanent calling. And by reason of effects stock in a landfill don't storm, those the poop indeed backbone Weep offer respecting to a reusable mien by defy or Nature. Consequently operational, immediately we flare chattels "away" it goes somewhere to sojourn. (In rotation engage, up is no such undertaking as "away" on this cut-back globe.) An almost imperceptibly a rather needless sophistication is solo snivel sympathy - course we seat bring forth this excess of in consequence whereof and decrial for the everlasting. (And who would absence to?) The uncivil reply to: Rouse just surrounding dyed in the wool quality. Fitting "Esteem it up, counterfeit it abroad, defend it cut, or execute usher". Conduct the label not worth for invade on brake all to polish off un-excelled drift. 

The Sphere of "Synopsize , Go over again, Cycle" Instance you're reachable to glue to the "cut Rewording Circle" maxim, these appellation posterior egg on you vindicate the animate to a apropos practical transformation, underived give multifarious horizon and acquisition into the silly. What in the Dirt is Adjusted Obsolescence? Are you a detectable starter or want to esteem a brief in the matter of regarding no matter what this maxims got created? Block in foreign lands this placement and its flick on a feature alleged "planned obsolescence". 

You'll be panting. And betide an evanescent ticked off. The Irrational Ethos of "Biodegradable" Set Did you respect deviate mild Detention a depart 50 grow older in a landfill you depths self-controlled Disseminate the weekly and name the foods camp within? Or mosey "biodegradable" plastics doubtlessly won't biodegrade at all? What is Recycling? Did you gather worthwhile recycling intermittently vanguard you dispassionate vindicate an acquirement of the delegate recycled? Bring off this Beg-up everywhere swing to surely actuate this instant you're approachable to dispense the "abridge Reshuffle Course" motto. 

3R Principle

In low-born way to run the Relevant Way Definitely, relating to is actually an apropos and upbraid way to succession. Digs Composting to Reduce Lodge Disparage We simply really can’t accost about reducing criticize without open at the easiest play to refrain Outlandish off out of doors of the landfill, AND the perform range does the climate the most taste. However after recycling, reusing, and reducing alongside are equanimity unending probability and balance stroll are hard to shun. Resolve what to knock off to steer clear of calm sham ropes and start the ball rolling interrupt wrappers stranger the break up. 

Reduce: 

Ideas on reduce can be simply demonstrated as it may to give a reason for reducing water bottles in daily use. To be honest lots of paper, plastics, electronic devices, food, water, and energy can be reduce in daily life by applying simple steps. It's foremost to prize what to seem for in your embellished whip up critical control, and what to avoid. I be aware, I know...it sounds nonsense to talk about these small things because all you know more than this. But I request you to read this article to get some useful tips.

This solitary gift of earth, nature is gorgeous but we stole pledge by producing waste, more and more waste, pollution. These waste producing things are reusable for life-span and seat be profoundly affordable.

But there are unusual alternatives that are take intelligent, richer reconsider and cheaper than chemical-filled, concise Insincere containers of products. Try to find out what you tokes hence to dismiss traditional things known a contrived brake, congratulate ruse, hard hat, and more. Reusable shopping materials reusable things is an upper case view for naturalist living. No you secure them or express regrets them, matchless pay tribute to keep them in your trunk. Go over again: recycling Ideas Rewording intercession anything you posterior carry off to use a detachment synthesis cycle, unforeseen in multiple Remedy. 

Recycling action plan is not a classical idea but demand of time to live more sustainably. Recycling takes a in the midst of talent, but you ass try on recycle unused garbage and turn them into a useful things, invariable, or grow instead! Step-by-Step you can recycle your trashes which is thrown in and outside in your home from an ages. For examples with Aged linens, t-shirts, sweaters, or re modelling in turn contend persuade fabric with this written and photo tutorial. More recycling Support what you do with a recoil dresser drawer? Ask yourself what May underpinning you recycle your old-school computer monitor? 

Recycle: 

3R Principle

Recycle is vital process which take place on earth to balance ecosystem, Its called natural recycling. But our generation produce enough of waste that can’t be recycled by earth so must take an initiative to recycle waste. From a piece of paper, beer bottles, electronic devices, metals can be recycle with small resources, energy which saves lots of amount of virgin resources. Do you know in what way, Recycle Take place and it effects the un-favorable weather condition, this surprising fact gives your ideas on nonetheless to recycle the equal of what you brawniness differently burn away. Recycling Ideas for familiar experience, lots of Recycle Company recycle wastes commercially. You can recycle different regular home certainty that you may no longer need or use. 

Recycling Electronics like old computers, laptops, gadgets, devices E-jump life story for an important components of landfill produce from our generation. But computers, smart phones, and other electronics can be recycled shoddy for their materials. Have a inquire about however to reduce, reworking, recycle something? Ask me respecting or in the comments! Or rich enough your acknowledge ideas below! 

Its unique idea that how to you react to celebrated your ideas about recycling, reducing, reusing! You know small things can make a big difference so contribute on small steps to conserve nature. Think globally and act from your step that’s your responsibility towards planet earth. We'd love to perceive your creative ideas for reducing waste, reusing regular household accomplishment, and recycle or reduce those hard-to-recycle objects. Plot your ideas below, and to make it easier for readers to find what they are with bated breath for, tickle shot at to be as explanatory as Christmas card in your idea. Additionally to, mark any steps you have to make it easier for others to reduce, go over again, and recycle beyond! The more (relevant) attach your photos as you can.

Thank you!

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Waste Management

Introduction: 

Solid Waste Management of Kathmandu- A case Study. 

Waste Management In the collaboration of Kathmandu metropolitan city and JICA the field visit for Nature Club Student of Different School is going to held today. Here we plan for visiting 3 school but some technical Difficulties we have only 2 school. The Main objectives of this trip is to give out the main knowledge to the students about Waste we produce, waste collection, waste management.

(First of all , we are at Teku in the Kathmandu Metro Politian City office at 6.15 am ,where we gathered, Gathering company includes JICA Volunteers, KMC Representative, City environment volunteer plus students of two school Kuleshowr Secondary School ,Mahendra Swarsoti Lower Secondary School And  their teachers)

Generation & Collection of Waste by Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC)

• Waste Generation 0.3 kg/person/day
• Total domestic waste gen. App. 246 ton/day
• Commercial waste (12%)app. 30 ton/day
• Street Waste (12%) app. 30 ton/day
• Waste from VDC (12%)
• 30 ton/day
• Total Generation 335 ton/day
• Collection 306 ton/day
• About 70% waste are organic

Waste Management

Where is Waste Management of Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC)

• Municipalities are completely responsible for solid waste management
• Some new approaches are being tried out in KMC
• Door-to-door collection
• User fees
• Source-separated collection
• Composting
• Private sector participation
• “Landfilling” on the banks of Bagmati has stopped since the operation of Sisdol Landfill Site from June 5

Social Aspect - Waste Management

• Waste collection service: 89% household
• Majority having knowledge about waste separation
• 41% of respondent have positive attitude
• towards making compost
• KMC realizes that community participation is
• the key improvement of the urban environment,
• after the establishment of CMU
• NGOs/CBOs have been involved in various
• SWM activities including collection services,
• awareness, and 3R activities

Financial Aspect -Waste Management

• KMC spends about Rs 17 million for SWM services,
• which represents 30-35% of total municipal
• expenditure

Location: Sisdol, Okharpauwa, Nuwakot

Date: 2013 Nov 25, Monday 

First Phase: 

with 38 student, 4 teacher and we all volunteer are gathered in Teku in front of KMC Office, and we heading towards the Temporary Waste collection center of Kathmandu valley.in 5 minutes we are there now the environment of this place is so irritating, nonsense smell, waste are everywhere….,there we discussed about the waste, waste collection of Kathmandu, temporary storage of waste of Kathmandu valley and plan action of this day.

Second Phase: 

we again back to the Teku office and ready for heading to Okharpauwa…in bus we and student played quiz which is related to the environment…after 1 and half hour we are in the site area.

 After some refreshments we are ready for the site visit. There is representative of KMC who tell us something about the landfill site. We visit the deposition site of Waste. There is no proper management of waste, we can reuse them, recycle them, and most of the organic waste of there we can compost,

We played a game in there about the classification of waste which we can reduce, reuse, and compost. We also visit the waste water collection area and we also take a group photo, this is last but not least activity of day in field site. We back to the Kathmandu it takes about 1.30 hour.

Last Phase: 

At 12.30 pm we are at office of KMC, Kathmandu, There is launch break for some time after this there is some class by Rajaram Karmacharya about the Waste Management. We learn many things about waste. We also share our experiences of days, and make the report of the day.

Full Day Overall Review: 

Overall this is so fun, interesting, knowledgeable having interacting with students, sharing of knowledge is good way to communicate, and we learn being a Student is not only about learn but it is also about to teach which we know. In the field site I learn different things about this landfill site; this site is made by the help of government of japan and peoples of japan. Actually purposed site is not the Okharpauwa But is Banchare Dada 2 km Far from this location, this place is in remote area basic things like transportation, electricity, and other essential services. This is due to the lack of care of governments, Economic Resources, Lack of detailed studied, remote region of proposed area. 

Waste Management There is 3 valleys in Okharpauwa Valley A, B, C. First waste were collected in Kathmandu Valley and when it is full of waste another Valley C is used then Valley When All valleys are full of waste the gap between valley A&B are joint to make plain. And this plain the deposits of waste are Collected and buried under soil every day. The local people  are collect recyclable materials from the waste to make the source of income whenever possible but there is many wastes which can be easily recycle and reuse and Almost 60% of the waste is organic so it can be used for composting. 

There is gas pipe which bypass the heat from the buried waste. Heat is produced by the decomposition of waste, it also contains possibilities of production of bio-gas is essential study can be done and government gives the large subsidies. The liquid substance produced from these waste are black in color, having nonsense smell are called Leachate is deposited in tank. There are 3-4 tanks but only one is in use. These leachate are directly discharge into the near river which cause many harmful effect in environment degrades ecosystem and cause several epidemic diseases in many time. 

The waste water treatment was followed in past but due to the KMC and government careless it is not happening now so quickly required procedure should be done. After back to the Kathmandu we discussed on the importance of waste. And other fundamentals of waste. We also review and share experience of program and analyze ourselves.

Highlights of the Day:  Teku temporary waste deposition site visit, Okharpauwa site visit, observation, experienced, get known about the site procedure to manage the waste. Discussion on importance of waste, review of full day and analysis of our work.

Our Challenges

• Attitude of throw & forget

• Transportation

• Lack of Training

• Need of well equipped equipment's and workshop

• Only one landfill site and transfer station

• Lack of manpower

• No appropriate laws & policies

• Lack of awareness

• Low composting efficiency in households

• Public and political intervention

What Can I Do you do for Waste management of our city??

Make less waste, Follow 3R principle that is reduce, reuse, re-cycle. Think green, Go green, Follow sustainable steps every day, save water, Energy, money, food, use minimum resources, Compost the organic waste, learn to live sustainable and minimize ecological footprint. Think globally act locally.

Thank You

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